What are freckles and why do people have them?
According to Dr. Lisa Arkin, a pediatric dermatologist at the University of Wisconsin, freckles are made up of melanin, an ingredient in our skin that protects us against harsh UV light damage. The way our bodies produce melanin and whether we develop freckles or not is determined by our genetics.
There are two types of melanin that dictate skin color; eumelanin and pheomelanin. Lighter/fairer skin tones are associated with higher levels of pheomelanin and darker skin tones are associated with higher levels of eumelanin. Simply, people with freckles have imbalanced levels of melanin (more pheomelanin than eumelanin) which creates very small patches of tan trying to protect the skin from sunlight. Making each beauty mark, angel kiss, skin star, or freckle a unique part of the unique person.